Sabtu, 25 Juli 2015
sometimes spelled penchak silat or pentjak silat in Western writings) is an umbrella term for a class of related martial arts originating in the Indonesian archipelago. It is a full-body fighting form incorporating strikes, grappling and throwing in addition to weaponry. Every part of the body is subject to be attacked and used to attack. Pencak silat was practiced not only for physical defense but also for attainment of higher psychological ends.
The leading organization of pencak silat in Indonesia is IPSI (Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia, meaning Pencak Silat Association of Indonesia). The liaison body for international pencak silat is the International Pencak Silat Association or PERSILAT (Persekutuan Pencak Silat Antara Bangsa).
The archipelagic chain that is today Indonesia was the scene of warfare for much of its long history, and the people of the region naturally developed effective methods of combat and self-defense.[2] The earliest weapons found in Indonesia were spears, single-edge swords, shields, and axes. Proto-Malay farmers migrated into Sumatra from the north and mixed with the local tribes. Whole communities from China were transferred to Indonesia, bringing their weapons and weapon-making technology with them. Similarities have been observed between southeastern Chinese boat communities and the Indonesian sea-nomads (orang laut), such as the long-boat culture, war fleets, tattoos, familiarity with plant poisons, and bladed weaponry. Whether the Baiyue and Tanka people first originated in China or Southeast Asia is debated, but it was the Baiyue introduction of metallurgy that lead to the prominence pencak silat gives to blades.
Pencak silat styles and movements are as diverse as the Indonesian archipelago itself; each schools and disciplines might uses distinct styles and movements. Pencak silat employ wide ranges of movements, either as strikes (serangan) by punching (pukulan) or kicking (tendangan), to block the attack (tangkisan), or as feigned attack (tipuan). Compared to other Asian martial arts, Pencak Silat seems to emphasize more on hands movements of kuncian (lit. "locking") andg rappling.
